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模拟电子技术基础学习笔记（七）

 收录于 学习 计算机
     约 576 字   预计阅读 2 分钟  次阅读    条评论
摘要
模拟电子技术基础学习笔记（七）。
崔叉叉注
如果要100%理解并掌握这门课的内容，尤其是电路的分析与计算部分，需要基本电路理论这门课作为前置知识。否则不需要。

8 波形的发生和信号的转换

8.1 正弦波的振荡电路

8.1.1 概述

  1. 产生条件
    1. 起振：
      1. |AF| > 1
      2. φA + φF = 2nπ
    2. 平衡：
      1. |AF| = 1
      2. φA + φF = 2nπ
  2. 组成：
    1. 放大电路
    2. 正反馈电路
    3. 选频
    4. 稳幅
    5. RC
    6. LC
    7. 石英振荡
  3. 判别：相位条件：f0情况下，是否存在正反馈

8.1.2 RC正弦波振荡电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/RC%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
RC正弦波振荡电路
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/RC%E6%A1%A5%E5%BC%8F%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%AD%89%E6%95%88%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
等效电路
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%AD%89%E6%95%88%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%86%E6%9E%901.png /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%AD%89%E6%95%88%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%86%E6%9E%902.png

8.1.3 LC正弦波振荡电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E5%93%81%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A01.png /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E5%93%81%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A02.png /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E5%93%81%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A03.png

  1. LC频率特性

    1. 谐振选频

    2. 品质因素Q大

    3. 选频放大电路

      /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E9%80%89%E9%A2%91%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
      选频放大电路
      /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E9%80%89%E9%A2%91%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%BC%95%E5%85%A5%E6%AD%A3%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88.png
      选频放大电路引入正反馈

  2. 变压器反馈式

    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E5%8F%98%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E5%BC%8F%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
    变压器反馈式振荡电路
    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E5%8F%98%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E5%BC%8F%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%80%9A%E8%B7%AF.png
    变压器反馈式振荡电路的交流通路

  3. 电感反馈式

    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E5%BC%8F%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
    电感反馈式振荡电路
    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E5%BC%8F%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%80%9A%E8%B7%AF.png
    电感反馈式振荡电路的交流通路

  4. 电容反馈式

    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%94%B5%E5%AE%B9%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E5%BC%8F%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
    电容反馈式振荡电路

  5. 石英晶体振荡器

    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%9F%B3%E8%8B%B1%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E8%B0%90%E6%8C%AF%E5%99%A8.png
    石英晶体谐振器
    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.1%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E7%9F%B3%E8%8B%B1%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AD%89%E6%95%88%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png
    石英晶体等效电路

8.2 电压比较器

8.2.1 概述

  1. 电压传输特性：u0 = f(uI)

    1. 输出电压：U0H，U0L
    2. 阈值电压：UT
    3. 跃变方向

  2. 种类

    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BE%E4%BE%8B.png
    1. 单限——a
    2. 双限——b
    3. 滞回——c

8.2.2 单限比较器

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E7%BA%A7%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E8%BF%87%E9%9B%B6%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8.png /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E7%A8%B3%E5%8E%8B%E7%AE%A1%E6%8E%A5%E5%85%A5%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88%E9%80%9A%E8%B7%AF.png
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E5%8D%95%E9%99%90%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8.png
单限比较器

  1. 传输特性分析方法

    /images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.png

  2. 跃变方向：向下


8.2.3 滞回比较器

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8波形的发生和信号的转换/8.2电压比较器/滞回比较器.png
滞回比较器
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E6%BB%9E%E5%9B%9E%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B6%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7.png
滞回比较器与其电压传输特性

8.2.4 双限比较器

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.2%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8/%E5%8F%8C%E9%99%90%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B6%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7.png

8.3 非正弦波发生电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.3%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E5%B8%B8%E8%A7%81%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2.png
常见非正弦波

8.3.1 方波发生电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.3%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png

8.3.2 三角发生电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.3%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png

8.3.3 锯齿波发生电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.3%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E9%94%AF%E9%BD%BF%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png

8.3.4 正弦波发生电路

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8%E6%B3%A2%E5%BD%A2%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%9A%84%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/8.3%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%A6%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF.png

8.4 信号转换电路

8.4.1 电压转换电流

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8波形的发生和信号的转换/8.48.4信号转换电路/电压转换电流.png
电压转换电流电路
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8波形的发生和信号的转换/8.48.4信号转换电路/电压转换电流改进.png
电压转换电流改进电路
/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8波形的发生和信号的转换/8.48.4信号转换电路/电压转换电流实际.png
电压转换电流实际电路

8.4.2 电流转换电压

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8波形的发生和信号的转换/8.48.4信号转换电路/电流转换电压电路.png
电流转换电压电路

8.4.3 频率转换

/images/Fundamentals_of_Analog_Electronic_Technology/8波形的发生和信号的转换/8.48.4信号转换电路/压频转换电路.png
压频转换电路
更新于 2022/01/11
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